OWASP Top 10 2025 Training Course

A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
A02:2025 - Security Misconfiguration
A03:2025 - Software Supply Chain Failures
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
A05:2025 - Injection
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
A09:2025 - Security Logging and Alerting Failures
A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions

A01:2025 Broken Access Control - Access control mechanisms enforce policies ensuring users cannot exceed their intended permissions. Failures in this area typically result in unauthorized disclosure, alteration, or destruction of data, or the execution of business functions beyond the user's authorized scope.

A02:2025 Security Misconfiguration - This occurs when systems, applications, or cloud services are incorrectly configured from a security standpoint, thereby introducing vulnerabilities.

A03:2025 Software Supply Chain Failures - These failures involve breakdowns or compromises in the software building, distribution, or update processes. They often stem from vulnerabilities or malicious alterations in third-party code, tools, or dependencies upon which the system relies.

A04:2025 Cryptographic Failures - Ideally, all data in transit should be encrypted at the transport layer (OSI layer 4). While historical challenges such as CPU performance and key management have been mitigated by hardware acceleration (e.g., AES support) and simplified certificate services like LetsEncrypt.org, it remains crucial to identify data requiring encryption at rest and additional encryption in transit at the application layer (OSI layer 7). Sensitive data, including passwords, credit card details, health records, personal information, and business secrets, demands heightened protection, particularly when subject to privacy laws like the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or standards such as PCI Data Security Standard (PCI DSS).

A05:2025 Injection - Injection vulnerabilities are flaws that permit attackers to insert malicious code or commands (such as SQL or shell scripts) into input fields, causing the system to execute them as if they were legitimate system instructions. This can lead to severe security consequences.

A06:2025 Insecure Design - Insecure design is a broad category characterized by missing or ineffective control designs. It is distinct from, yet related to, other Top Ten risk categories. It is important to differentiate between design flaws and implementation defects, as they originate from different root causes, occur at different stages of the development lifecycle, and require distinct remediation strategies. A secure design may still suffer from implementation defects, but an insecure design cannot be remedied by perfect implementation because the necessary security controls were never established to counter specific attacks. A key contributor to insecure design is the absence of business risk profiling, leading to an inability to determine the appropriate level of security design required.

A07:2025 Authentication Failures - This vulnerability exists when attackers can deceive a system into accepting invalid or incorrect user credentials as legitimate.

A08:2025 Software or Data Integrity Failures - These failures involve code or infrastructure that fails to prevent untrusted or invalid code and data from being treated as legitimate. For instance, this can occur when applications rely on plugins, libraries, or modules from untrusted sources or CDNs. An insecure CI/CD pipeline lacking software integrity checks can facilitate unauthorized access, the introduction of malicious code, or system compromise. Another example is a CI/CD pipeline that retrieves code or artifacts from untrusted locations without verifying them (e.g., via signature checks) before use.

A09:2025 Security Logging & Alerting Failures - In the absence of logging and monitoring, attacks and breaches go undetected, and without effective alerting, rapid and effective incident response is hindered. Insufficient logging, continuous monitoring, detection, and alerting mechanisms prevent the initiation of active responses to ongoing threats.

A10:2025 Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions - Mishandling exceptional conditions occurs when programs fail to prevent, detect, or respond to unusual or unpredictable situations, potentially leading to crashes, erratic behavior, or security vulnerabilities. This often involves one or more failures: the application does not prevent the unusual situation, does not identify it as it occurs, or does not respond appropriately afterward.

The course will explore practical aspects of:

Broken Access Control
- Real-world examples of broken access controls
- Best practices for secure access control implementation

Security Misconfiguration
- Real-world examples of misconfigurations
- Strategies to prevent misconfiguration, including the use of configuration management and automation tools

Cryptographic Failures
- In-depth analysis of failures such as weak encryption algorithms or improper key management
- The role of strong cryptographic mechanisms, secure protocols (SSL/TLS), and modern cryptography in web security

Injection Attacks
- Detailed examination of SQL, NoSQL, OS, and LDAP injection
- Mitigation strategies using prepared statements, parameterized queries, and input escaping

Insecure Design
- Exploration of design flaws leading to vulnerabilities, such as inadequate input validation
- Study of secure architecture strategies and secure design principles

Authentication Failures
- Common authentication pitfalls
- Secure authentication strategies, including multi-factor authentication and robust session handling

Software and Data Integrity Failures
- Focus on risks like untrusted software updates and data tampering
- Implementation of safe update mechanisms and data integrity verification

Security Logging and Monitoring Failures
- The criticality of logging security-relevant data and monitoring for suspicious activity
- Tools and practices for effective logging and real-time monitoring to detect breaches early